Mathematics
By the end of grade two, students understand place value and number relationships in addition and subtraction, and they use simple concepts of multiplication. They measure quantities with appropriate units. They classify shapes and see relationships among them by paying attention to their geometric attributes. They collect and analyze data and verify the answers.
Number Sense
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1.0 Students understand the relationship between numbers, quantities, and place value in whole numbers up to 1,000:
1.1 Count, read, and write whole numbers to 1,000 and identify the place value for each digit.
1.2 Use words, models, and expanded forms (e.g., 45 = 4 tens + 5) to represent numbers (to 1,000).
1.3 Order and compare whole numbers to 1,000 by using the symbols <, =, >.
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2.0 Students estimate, calculate, and solve problems involving addition and subtraction of two-and three-digit numbers:
2.1 Understand and use the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., an opposite number sentence for 8 + 6 = 14 is 14 - 6 = 8) to solve problems and check solutions.
2.2 Find the sum or difference of two whole numbers up to three digits long.
2.3 Use mental arithmetic to find the sum or difference of two two-digit numbers.
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3.0 Students model and solve simple problems involving multiplication and division:
3.1 Use repeated addition, arrays, and counting by multiples to do multiplication.
3.2 Use repeated subtraction, equal sharing, and forming equal groups with remainders to do division.
3.3 Know the multiplication tables of 2s, 5s, and 10s (to "times 10") and commit them to memory.
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4.0 Students understand that fractions and decimals may refer to parts of a set and parts of a whole:
4.1 Recognize, name, and compare unit fractions from 1/12 to 1/2.
4.2 Recognize fractions of a whole and parts of a group (e.g., one-fourth of a pie, two-thirds of 15 balls).
4.3 Know that when all fractional parts are included, such as four-fourths, the result is equal to the whole and to one.
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5.0 Students model and solve problems by representing, adding, and subtracting amounts of money:
5.1 Solve problems using combinations of coins and bills.
5.2 Know and use the decimal notation and the dollar and cent symbols for money.
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6.0 Students use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving that involve numbers that use the ones, tens, hundreds, and thousands places:
6.1 Recognize when an estimate is reasonable in measurements (e.g., closest inch).
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